Live axle and shaft with variable loads usable as a brake and also as auxiliary driving power therefor.



Aw E. W. FINGH. LIVE AXLE AND SHAFT WITH VARIABLE LOADS USABLE AS ABRAKE AND ALS OAS AUXILIARY DRIVING POWER THEREFOR.

APPLICATION I'ILED JUNE 4, 1912.

Patented Apr. 22, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESS 2 s /i! a? im MM;

A. E. W. FINCH. LIVE AXLE AND SHAFT WITH VARIABLE LOADS USABLE AS ABRAKE AND ALSO AS AUXILIARY DRIVING POWER THEREFOR.

1,059,533. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 4, 1912. 'Pa'tented Apr.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

{m r n 0%; Ag; Wm

A. E. W. FINOH. LIVE AXLE AND SHAFT WITH VARIABLE LOADS USABLE AS ABRAKE A AUXILIARY DRIVING POWER THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1912. 1,059,533.

ND ALSO AS 6 sunning-533M a.

WITNESSES;

Patentd Apr. 22, 1913.

A. E. w. PINGH.

VARIABLE LOADS USABLE AS A BRAKE AND ALSO AS AUXILIARY DRIVING POWERTHEREFOR.

LIVE AXLE AND SHAFT WIIIH 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

A TT Y.

Patented Apr. 22, 1913.

A. B. W. FINGH. LIVE AXLE AND SHAFT WITH VARIABLE LOADS USABLB AS ABRAKE AND ALSO AS AUXILIARY DRIVING POWER THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1912. 1,059,533.

9% 70/?: I Q 301? J w W Patented Apr. 22, 1913.

A. B. W. FINOH. LIVE AXLE AND SHAFT WITH VARIABLE LOADS USABLE AS ABRAKE AND ALSO AS AUXILIARY DRIVING POWER THEREFOR.

v APPLIUATION nun 1m 4, 1912. 1,059,533.

Patented Apr. 22, 1913.

e SHEETS-SHEET 6.

m 5 5 s 6 N T w ALBERT ERNEST WILEORD FINGH, 0F KENSINGTON, NEAR SYDNEY,SQ'D'TH WALES, AUSTRALIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JAMESQCHANNON, OF HORNSB,Y,

NEAR SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA.

" ED A ssgATE LIVE AXLE AND SHAFT WITH VARIABLE LoADs USABLE As-ABRAKEAND AUXILIARY DRIVING POWER THEREFOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 4', 1912. Serial No. 701,539.

Patented Apr. 22, 1913.

To all whom may concern Be it known that I, ALBERT ERNnsT WIL FORDFINOH, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at 5 Myee,Doncaster ave-i nue, Kensington, near Sydney, in the State of New SouthWales and Commonwealth of Australia, clerk, have invented new and usefulImprovements Relating. to Live Axles and Shafts with Variable LoadsUsable as a Brake and Also as Auxiliary Driving Power Therefor, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to live axles and shafts with variable loads suchas those of automobiles, trains, trams, lifts and the like whichsometimes with light loads attain excess momentum and require brakingand which also have to carry a heavy load at other times. And theseimprovements have been specially devised to provide a pressure brake onthe live axle or shaft combined with an air compressor capable ofoperating as an auxiliary motor and of providing power for ,saidauxiliary motor and for.

various other purposes as for starting the main engine inflating tiresand cooling which operations are specially useful in automobiles.

'Thesevimprovements in live axles and valve mechanisms and combinationsof mechanical devices as .and for the purposes hereinafter particularlydescribed and explained. 1

The brake and compressor cylinders are positioned on, or in a casingabout the live.

axle or a driving shaft and they have a slide valve and control thereofand a pipe or pipes leading to the atmosphere and to a-storage reservoirconveniently. placed near by with a suitable non-return valve between.By

means of said slide valve the air reservoir isconvertible from areceiver into a supplier and oppositelyatwill. From the storagereservoir another pipe leads back to the compressor cylinders said pipepreferably passing through a heating chamber (as the silencer ofanautomobile, &c.) and it also has a suitable valye or cut. off sayfcontrolled by a hand. The compressor has preferably three equidistantcylinders with intake and outlet valves operated by suitable cams andlevers from a cam drum on the live. axleor driving shaft. The pistons.have suitable connecting rods attached to an "eccentric which isintegral with or made fast on said l1ve axle or a clutch member fastthereon.

These improvements though applicable to any live axles or shafts may bestructurally modified to be applied to railway or ro ad automobiles,tram cars, lifts, winches, inclined ways and such like. But in orderthat this invention may be the more easily understood theseimprovementsrelating to live axles and shaft-s with variable loads usable as a brakeand also as auxiliary driving power therefor will now be described withreference to the drawings accompanying and forming part of this completespecification which illustrate the best lmown mannerthey may be appliedto railway and road automobiles. v

Figure 1 is a perspective .view mainly diagrammatic of these presentimprovements applied to a railway automobile chassis and Fig. 2 is aplan. of same. vFig. 3 is a central section of thepressure cylindersusably as a brake or a compressor or a motor and a clutch. therefor setabout a live axle or driving shaft. Figs. 4 and 5 are sectionalelevations on thelines H and 55' respectively in Fig. 3. Figs, 6 and 7are respective views in and out. of gear respectively of the cam end ofthe valve motion of a pressure cylinder and Fig. 8 is a diagrammaticillustration of the operations of braking compressing and auxiliarypower supplying/ Fig. 9 a perspective view mainly diagrammatic of thesepresent improvements applied to a road automobile and Fig. 10 a plan ofsame.

Figs. 1 and 2 showone method of applying the invention to a railwayautomobile and Figs. 3 to 8 show essential parts thereof in detail. Thechassis 11 has all the usual motion imparting and controlling devices ofan automobile as well understood. The casing 12 is supported upon crossbearers 13 and is positloned about a live axle or shaft 14; driven bygearing 15 from and thence by the wheel axle 16 whose speed iscontrolled: by friction clutch 17 bell cranked rod 18.-

and handle 19. The driving motor or explosive engine 20 has clutch 21gear box 22 gears 23 .and controls adapted in any 'usual manner as wellunderstood; .The casing 12 contains pressure cylinders {from which leadpipes 24 to the valve chest 25 ipe 124 to air reservoir 26. A pipe 224lealls from this reservoir back to the compressor 12 passing through themain engine silencer 28 in order that the air may be heated.

The live axle or shaft 14 (which as ting against thrust ball bearing 33and to be positioned in engagement with said outer clutch member 31 bybell cranks 34 operated.

by sliding head 35 controlled by fork 36 rod 18 and handle 19and lockingquadrant 39.

The outer clutch member 31 is integral with or fast to an eccentric 40whose strap 41 carries the ends 42 of the connecting rods .43 of thepistons 44 in pressure cylinders 45 firmly secured in or to thenon-rotatable casing 12. Upon the outer end or head of each cylinder 45are valves 46 and 47 which are intake and outlet valves respectivelywhen the piston 44 is being used to compress air and vice versa when thecylinder 45 is being used as motor. Each valve 46 has an operative lever48 jointed to spring controlled stem 49 terminating in a contact end andeach valve 47 has an operative lever 50 jointed to spring controlledstem 51 and also terminating in a contact end. The contact end of eachstem 49 presses upon a roller runner 52 fulcrumed on a pin 53 andadapted to contact with cam ring 54 while the contact end of each stem51 presses upon a like roller runner 55 fulcrumed upon the same pin 53and adapted to contact with a like cam ring 56. On the fulcrum pin 53 isa disengaging lever 57 having one end inwardly of the shank of theroller runners and with a cross piece 58 taking under both shanks of thepair of such runners 52 and 55 while the other end has an outwardly.bent tail piece 59. The cam rin 54 and 56 are on the circular peripheryo a drum formed with or on the outer clutch member 31.

The valves 46 and 47 require to be mechanically o erated only when thecylinder is being use as a motor and are adapted to work automaticallywhen the cylinder is used as a compressor. In order to accomplish thiseach fulcrum pin 53 has a quick pitch male screw 60 in a female screw inthe casing 12 and 'a long fast pinion 61 in gear with the toothed wheel62 forming part of circumferentially sliding ring 63 with pintles ortriggers 64 and operative handle 65. Now as the ring 63 with-the toothedwheel 62 is moved circumferentially by handle 65 each pintle or trigger64 contacts with the tail 59 of the lever 57 and depresses it causingthe cross piece 58 to lift the cam runners and thus free all the valveswhile at the same time the revolution of the pinion 61 and the screw 60moves the cam runners 52 and 55 sidewardly clear of the cam ring 54 and56. By oppositely sliding the ring 63 the valves are closed and the camaction for intermittently opening the valves is brought into function.The handle 65 has of course control by means of rod 66 from aconvenientlever or handle 67.

The air reservoir 26 is conveniently positioned close by the casing 12and its air pipe 24 (used both as supply and outlet pipe) leads fromeach cylinder valve 47 to the valve chest 25 in which is a slide valve71 having ports 72 and 74 and a closing bar 73 and it slides aboveports175, 76 and 77 the pipe 24 entering the central one 76 while one ofthe other ports connects by pipe tothe atmosphere and the other 77 tothe air reservoir by pipe 124 having a non return valve 78. Another pipe224 leads to the cylinder valves 47 from the air reservoir with acontrol cook 79 thereon servingalso as a non-return valve and this pipe224 preferably passes through a heater as say the silencer 28 of a gasor explosive engine. The air reservoir has thereon a pressure gage 80and a safety pressure valve 81 as well understood. The cock 79 hascontrol rods 82 and gear to a convenient handle 83. The slide valve 71is controlled by rod 84 and a lever handle 85 and when positioned asshown in Fig. 9 with a control cook 79 closed, directs the pipes 24 byport 72 and 74 and pipe 124 to the reservoir 26 and by port 72 to theatmosphere. Sliding the valve downwardly (relatively to the drawing)will closeports 72 and 76 and control cook 79 being opened compressedair from reservoir 26 will pass along pipe 224 being heated and expandedat heater 28 and the valve motion being in gear as before explained thecylinders will act as engines and revolve the live axle or shaft 14.Sliding the valve farther downwardly the ports 76 and 77 will be openedwhile port 75 to the atmosphere will be closed and control cock 79 bemgclosed and the valve motion disallowed to operate as before describedthe cylinders will operate as compressors an force air into thereservoir 26 through pipes 24 and 124 as well as braking the shaft 14.

Figs. 9 and 10 show these improvements fitted upon an automobile chassis86 and inthis case the casing 12 is fitted about and the compressed airfrom the cylinders by iao ' 5 In operation the whole of the describedmechanism may be disregarded and be placed out of operation as desiredby disengaging the male member from the female member 31 of the clutch.In use as a brake when the shaft has too much momentum the clutchmembers. 30 and 31 are engaged and the ec-v centric 40 thus caused toreciprocate the pistons 44. Air is drawn in through the 0 en valve 46and expelled through the o n va ve 47, along pipe 24 through slide .v vechest 25 along pipe 124 to reservoir 26 or to the atmosphere throughport75 as desired. While this action is taking place the back pressure inthe cylinders acts as a load on the axle and is a partially efi'ectivebrake but when it is required in an emergency as an efiective brake byclosing the end of pipe 24 and the port 75 by the slide valve the wholepressure in the cylinders may be utilized upon the live axle and it bequickly brought to a standstill. In order to utilize the describedmechanism as an auxiliary driving power on the live axle or shaft theslide valve is operated as before described and the valve motion put infunction and thus the compressed air in reservoir 26 conducted, throughthe heater 28 is used as the motive power upon the pistons 44' in thepressure cylinders converting these into a motor driving the shaft 14 bymeans of iston rods 43 eccentric 40 and clutch mem ers 30 and 31.

What I claim as iny invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patentis- 1. v In mechanism of the class "described, in combination, a vehicleaxle, a cylinder, a

piston within said cylinder and operatively connected to said axle, areservo1r, connections between said reservoir and said cylinder, valvesin said cylinder adapted to act automatically to cause said piston toforce air into said reservoir, and means for positively actuating saidvalves by the rotation of said axle, whereby the piston will be drivenby the compressed air from the reservolr.

2. In mechanism of the class described, in combination, a vehicle axle,a clutched member slidingly keyed thereto, a second clutch memberloosely mounted on said axle whereby the piston will be driven by thecompressed air from the reservoir.

name to thisspecification in theJpresence of two subscribing witnesses.

' ALBEBTERNEST wit-rem) rmcn.

Witnesses: v 4

FRED WALSH,

PERCY In testimony whereof I have signed my

